1940-41 Primeira Divisão Season

56 games

Final

Champion

Sporting Clube de Portugal

23 points

Relegated

No relegation

Biggest Overachiever

Academica de Coimbra

3.66 points above expected

11 points · 7.34 expected points

Biggest Disappointment

Boavista

4.48 points below expected

5 points · 9.48 expected points

League Table

The final standings for the season. vsSim shows actual points minus the simulation's mean — positive means the team overachieved against the model, negative means they underperformed.

# Team GP W D L Pts GF GA GD SimPts vsSim
1 Sporting Clube de Portugal 14 11 1 2 23 58 23 +35 21.25 +1.75
2 Porto 14 8 4 2 20 47 27 +20 20.00 +0.00
3 Os Belenenses (1st) 14 9 1 4 19 59 22 +37 19.67 -0.67
4 Benfica 14 8 2 4 18 39 28 +11 15.72 +2.28
5 Academica de Coimbra 14 4 3 7 11 32 41 -9 7.34 +3.66
6 Barreirense 14 5 0 9 10 17 38 -21 8.65 +1.35
7 Unidos de Lisboa 14 2 2 10 6 28 50 -22 9.89 -3.89
8 Boavista 14 2 1 11 5 12 63 -51 9.48 -4.48

Form

Each team's 5-game rolling points-per-game across the season. Hot streaks push above the dashed 1.5 PPG reference line; cold spells drop below. Each team gets a distinct color; the legend below the plot lets you read off which line is which. (First 4 games of each team have no rolling window, so the lines start at game 5.)

League Race

Cumulative points across the season for each team. Highlighted teams are drawn in color (top finishers for the Title Race, bottom finishers for the Relegation Race); the rest of the league appears in light gray as context. Switch views with the buttons below.

Season Summary

Every team's regular-season finish compared against 100,000 simulations. Click any column header to sort. Luck is the team's actual points minus the sim's mean — positive means the team beat the model. Percentile is where the actual result fell in the team's sim distribution (e.g. 90% = the team did this well or better in only 10% of sims).

Team Elo Points Avg Luck Percentile Min 5th Q1 Median Q3 95th Max
Sporting Clube de Portugal 1655 23 21.25 +1.75 80.0% 11 17 20 21 23 25 28
Os Belenenses (1st) 1640 19 19.67 -0.67 46.4% 9 15 18 20 21 24 28
Porto 1613 20 20.00 +0.00 57.1% 10 16 18 20 22 24 28
Benfica 1443 18 15.72 +2.28 83.5% 5 11 14 16 18 20 25
Academica de Coimbra 1202 11 7.34 +3.66 94.2% 0 3 6 7 9 12 18
Unidos de Lisboa 1193 6 9.89 -3.89 11.0% 1 5 8 10 12 15 20
Barreirense 1154 10 8.65 +1.35 75.5% 0 4 7 9 10 13 20
Boavista 1037 5 9.48 -4.48 6.8% 1 5 8 9 11 14 21

Head-to-Head

Each cell shows a team's record in that matchup (row vs column, formatted W-D-L) with the model's expected points on the line below. Navy-tinted cells mean the team beat the model's expectations by more than one point in that matchup; gold-tinted cells mean they fell short by the same margin.

Beat expectations Fell short Within expectations
Team ADC BAR BEN BOA OB( POR SCDP UDL
Academica de Coimbra
1-0-1
2.68
0-1-1
0.97
1-0-1
2.67
1-0-1
0.64
0-1-1
0.72
0-0-2
0.51
1-1-0
1.90
Barreirense
1-0-1
3.05
1-0-1
1.34
2-0-0
2.39
0-0-2
0.95
0-0-2
0.89
0-0-2
0.66
1-0-1
2.85
Benfica
1-1-0
4.77
1-0-1
4.40
1-1-0
3.66
1-0-1
2.02
1-0-1
1.99
1-0-1
1.59
2-0-0
4.23
Boavista
1-0-1
3.06
0-0-2
3.35
0-1-1
2.08
0-0-2
0.53
0-0-2
0.84
0-0-2
0.74
1-0-1
2.70
Os Belenenses (1st)
1-0-1
5.11
2-0-0
4.79
1-0-1
3.72
2-0-0
5.21
0-1-1
2.82
1-0-1
2.17
2-0-0
4.79
Porto
1-1-0
5.03
2-0-0
4.85
1-0-1
3.75
2-0-0
4.90
1-1-0
2.91
0-1-1
2.64
1-1-0
5.00
Sporting Clube de Portugal
2-0-0
5.24
2-0-0
5.09
1-0-1
4.15
2-0-0
5.00
1-0-1
3.57
1-1-0
3.10
2-0-0
4.80
Unidos de Lisboa
0-1-1
3.84
1-0-1
2.89
0-0-2
1.51
1-0-1
3.03
0-0-2
0.95
0-1-1
0.75
0-0-2
0.94

Points vs. Goals Scored, Allowed, and Differential

Points plotted against goals scored, allowed, and differential. Use the buttons to switch views; hover a team for exact values. The table gives each fit's R² and slope (the change in points per 10 goals).

Fit Metrics

Slope
Scored 0.81 +3.5
Allowed 0.88 -4.5
Differential 0.90 +2.1

Scoreline Distribution

Percentage of games ending with each combination of team-goals (rows) and opponent-goals (columns). The diagonal shows draws; cells below the diagonal are wins from the row team's perspective, cells above are losses. Marginal totals on the right and bottom show how often each goal count occurred regardless of opponent. Use the picker to switch between the league-wide view and any individual team.

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
01.79%2.68%3.57%1.79%5.36%15.18%
12.68%1.79%2.68%1.79%0.89%7.14%16.96%
23.57%2.68%7.14%8.04%3.57%2.68%27.68%
31.79%1.79%8.04%1.79%3.57%16.96%
40.89%3.57%4.46%
5+5.36%7.14%2.68%3.57%18.75%
Total15.18%16.96%27.68%16.96%4.46%18.75%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.61 2.61 +0.00
SD 2.27 2.27 3.75
CV 0.87 0.87
Max 13 13 +13
Min 0 0 -13

Games Played: 56

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
07.14%7.14%14.29%
17.14%7.14%14.29%
214.29%7.14%7.14%28.57%
314.29%7.14%7.14%28.57%
47.14%7.14%
5+7.14%7.14%
Total7.14%50.00%21.43%21.43%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.29 2.93 -0.64
SD 1.59 1.86 2.87
CV 0.70 0.63
Max 6 7 +6
Min 0 0 -6

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
014.29%7.14%7.14%28.57%
114.29%7.14%14.29%35.71%
27.14%14.29%21.43%
314.29%14.29%
4
5+
Total21.43%28.57%7.14%21.43%21.43%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 1.21 2.71 -1.50
SD 1.05 1.86 2.28
CV 0.87 0.68
Max 3 5 +2
Min 0 0 -5

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
07.14%7.14%
17.14%7.14%
214.29%7.14%7.14%7.14%35.71%
37.14%14.29%7.14%28.57%
47.14%7.14%
5+7.14%7.14%14.29%
Total7.14%42.86%28.57%7.14%14.29%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.79 2.00 +0.79
SD 1.67 1.57 2.36
CV 0.60 0.78
Max 6 5 +5
Min 0 0 -3

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
07.14%7.14%28.57%42.86%
17.14%7.14%21.43%35.71%
27.14%7.14%14.29%
37.14%7.14%
4
5+
Total7.14%21.43%7.14%7.14%57.14%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 0.86 4.50 -3.64
SD 0.95 3.18 3.52
CV 1.11 0.71
Max 3 10 +1
Min 0 0 -10

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
0
17.14%7.14%14.29%
27.14%7.14%14.29%28.57%
314.29%14.29%
4
5+21.43%14.29%7.14%42.86%
Total28.57%14.29%28.57%28.57%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 4.21 1.57 +2.64
SD 3.47 1.22 4.34
CV 0.82 0.78
Max 13 3 +13
Min 1 0 -2

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
07.14%7.14%
17.14%7.14%
27.14%14.29%7.14%28.57%
37.14%7.14%7.14%21.43%
4
5+14.29%14.29%7.14%35.71%
Total14.29%21.43%35.71%21.43%7.14%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 3.36 1.93 +1.43
SD 2.10 1.33 2.53
CV 0.62 0.69
Max 7 5 +6
Min 0 0 -4

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
0
17.14%7.14%14.29%
27.14%7.14%14.29%
37.14%7.14%14.29%
414.29%14.29%
5+7.14%21.43%14.29%42.86%
Total21.43%28.57%28.57%14.29%7.14%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 4.14 1.64 +2.50
SD 2.38 1.39 3.08
CV 0.57 0.85
Max 9 5 +9
Min 1 0 -4

Games Played: 14

↓ Scored | Allowed →012345+Total
07.14%7.14%7.14%21.43%
17.14%7.14%
27.14%28.57%7.14%7.14%50.00%
37.14%7.14%
47.14%7.14%
5+7.14%7.14%
Total14.29%7.14%14.29%35.71%7.14%21.43%100%

Summary Statistics

Scored Allowed Difference
Mean 2.00 3.57 -1.57
SD 1.62 3.34 4.11
CV 0.81 0.94
Max 6 13 +6
Min 0 0 -13

Games Played: 14

Home-Field Advantage Edge

The simulation applies the same home-field boost to every game across the league, so the per-game home win probabilities bake in the model's idea of HFA. For each team, we sum expected points at home and compare to actual home points, and the same on the road. The bar shows (home points above expected) minus (away points above expected). A tall positive bar means the team's home/road split exceeded what the model predicted — a real fortress effect. A tall negative bar means the reverse: they played worse at home or better on the road than expected.

Top Overachievers & Disappointments

Teams that most beat — or most fell short of — their simulated point projections. A positive vsSim means the team accumulated more points than the model expected on average; a negative one means fewer.

Biggest Overachievers

# Team Actual Sim vsSim
1 Academica de Coimbra 11 7.34 +3.66
2 Benfica 18 15.72 +2.28
3 Sporting Clube de Portugal 23 21.25 +1.75
4 Barreirense 10 8.65 +1.35
5 Porto 20 20.00 +0.00

Biggest Disappointments

# Team Actual Sim vsSim
1 Boavista 5 9.48 -4.48
2 Unidos de Lisboa 6 9.89 -3.89
3 Os Belenenses (1st) 19 19.67 -0.67
4 Porto 20 20.00 +0.00
5 Barreirense 10 8.65 +1.35

Top Streaks

Ranked by model unlikelihood — the product of pregame W/D/L probabilities over the games in each team's streak. A short streak by a poor team can outrank a longer one by a strong team since the poor team's per-game probabilities were lower going in. Unbeaten counts W or D consecutively; Winless counts L or D consecutively.

Most Unlikely Winning Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Benfica 5 Jan 1 – Feb 2 1 in 184
2 Academica de Coimbra 1 Jan 26 – Jan 26 1 in 11
3 Barreirense 2 Jan 26 – Feb 2 1 in 11
4 Porto 4 Mar 9 – Apr 3 1 in 9
5 Os Belenenses (1st) 4 Mar 23 – Apr 6 1 in 4

Most Unlikely Losing Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Unidos de Lisboa 8 Jan 19 – Mar 23 1 in 397
2 Barreirense 4 Mar 23 – Apr 6 1 in 18
3 Os Belenenses (1st) 2 Jan 26 – Feb 2 1 in 15
4 Sporting Clube de Portugal 1 Jan 19 – Jan 19 1 in 15
5 Benfica 4 Mar 2 – Mar 30 1 in 14

Most Unlikely Unbeaten Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Benfica 8 Dec 29 – Feb 23 1 in 72
2 Academica de Coimbra 3 Feb 9 – Mar 2 1 in 45
3 Porto 9 Feb 2 – Apr 6 1 in 9
4 Sporting Clube de Portugal 8 Jan 26 – Mar 30 1 in 5
5 Barreirense 2 Jan 26 – Feb 2 1 in 5

Most Unlikely Winless Streaks

# Team Games Dates Probability
1 Unidos de Lisboa 8 Jan 19 – Mar 23 1 in 39
2 Porto 2 Feb 23 – Mar 2 1 in 8
3 Barreirense 4 Mar 23 – Apr 6 1 in 6
4 Benfica 4 Mar 2 – Mar 30 1 in 5
5 Sporting Clube de Portugal 1 Jan 19 – Jan 19 1 in 5

Finish Position Heatmap

Each cell is the probability — across 100,000 simulations — that the team (row) finished at that position (column). Rows are sorted by actual finish (champion at top, bottom of the table at the bottom).

Team12345678
Sporting Clube de Portugal48.57%28.94%18.15%4.07%0.24%0.03%
Porto23.45%32.18%33.59%10.03%0.60%0.15%
Os Belenenses (1st)26.04%32.55%30.24%10.07%1.00%0.08%0.01%0.01%
Benfica1.91%6.14%16.83%61.48%9.90%2.71%0.86%0.17%
Academica de Coimbra0.01%0.08%1.31%11.29%19.83%27.86%39.62%
Barreirense0.01%0.07%0.20%3.02%20.25%25.07%25.76%25.62%
Unidos de Lisboa0.02%0.07%0.58%5.98%32.36%26.07%20.43%14.49%
Boavista0.04%0.33%4.04%24.36%26.06%25.08%20.09%

Points Required Per Position

The empirical CDF of simulated point totals per finishing position. Each curve shows, for one position (1st, 2nd, ..., last), the spread of point totals teams accumulated across simulations. Reading the curve at the 50% mark gives the median points typically needed to finish at that position. Steep curves mean the position is tightly clustered around a particular point range; shallow curves mean the position came with a wide variety of point totals.

Points Totals in Context

How did each team's actual results compare to their simulated points, Elo rating, average opponent Elo, and percentile within simulated outcomes? Use the buttons to switch between views. In each chart, dashed crosshairs at the league means split the plot into four quadrants: pastel green (team did well, model agreed), pastel red (team did poorly, model agreed), and pastel yellow (model and reality disagreed).

Season Trends

How each metric evolved across the season - Elo rating, actual and projected points, title/promotion probability, and relegation probability - day by day.

Edges & Scoring

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Home Edge
Share of matches won by the home team minus the share won by the away team.
No Edge: under 5% * Slight Edge: 5% to 15% * Clear Edge: 15% to 25% * Strong Edge: 25% and up.
Elo Value
Number of Elo rating points one goal is worth. A team this many Elo points better than another is expected to win by one goal on a neutral field.
Scoring Tilt
Average home goals minus average away goals per match. The gold line is the home goals edge implied by the scoring value of an Elo point and the home-field Elo bonus.
Road-Tilted: under -0.2 * Neutral: -0.2 to 0.5 * Home-Tilted: 0.5 to 1.2 * Strong Home: 1.2 and up.
Home Edge
HomeDrawAway
+26.79%
Strong Edge
57.14%12.50%30.36%
Elo Value
Home Edge
131 Elo
0.008 goals per Elo point
095.39400
Scoring Tilt
Expected
+1.36 goals
Strong Home
-2+0.73+2

Title Race

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Title-Race Openness
Effective number of teams with a live shot at finishing 1st, from the simulation. 1 means the favorite is a near-lock; larger means a wide-open race. Equal to 1 divided by the sum of squared title odds.
One-Team Race: under 2 * Top-Heavy: 2 to 4 * Open: 4 to 6 * Wide Open: 6 and up.
Champion Preseason Odds
Preseason probability that the eventual champion would finish 1st, from the simulation. The dot marks their rank across all teams, from longshot to favorite.
Preseason Favorite: 1st * Among the Favorites: 2nd * Middle of the Pack: 3rd to 4th * Longshot: 5th or lower.
Title Margin
Points-per-game gap between the champion and the runner-up. Shown per game so it reads the same across long and short seasons. The gold line is the winning margin the model expected, so a dot to the right means a more one-sided race than projected. A title won on goal difference shows 0.00.
Photo Finish: under 0.15 * Tight Race: 0.15 to 0.4 * Comfortable: 0.4 to 0.75 * Runaway: 0.75 and up.
Title-Race Openness
2.8
Top-Heavy
12468
Champion Preseason Odds
49%
Sporting Clube de Portugal, 1st of 8
LongshotFavorite
Title Margin
Expected
0.21/gm
Tight Race
00.160.5/gm

Simulation-Based Surprises

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Luck Spread
Standard deviation of the gap between each team's actual points and their simulated average points. The gold line is the spread the model expected from chance alone.
As Expected: under 2.16 * Some Luck: 2.16 to 3.24 * Lucky: 3.24 to 4.32 * Wild Swing: 4.32 and up.
Average Finish Error
Average gap between where each team was projected to finish and where they actually finished in the table.
Pinpoint: under 0.7 * Close: 0.7 to 1.04 * Off: 1.04 to 1.39 * Way Off: 1.39 and up.
Biggest Overachiever
The team that finished highest inside its own range of simulated outcomes. The gold line is where the top team in a league of 8 typically lands.
Biggest Underachiever
The team that finished lowest inside its own range of simulated outcomes. The gold line is where the bottom team in a league of 8 typically lands.
Season Outliers
Number of teams that finished above the 95th or below the 5th percentile of their own simulated range. Even a well-calibrated model expects about 10% of teams in the extremes.
Minimal Outliers: under 8 * As Expected: 8 to 12.8 * Several Outliers: 12.8 to 17.6 * Many Outliers: 17.6 and up.
Luck Spread
Expected
2.72 points
Some Luck
02.707
Average Finish Error
Expected
1.00
Close
00.872
Biggest Overachiever
Expected 93.75%
94.17%
Academica de Coimbra
50100
Biggest Underachiever
Expected
6.79%
Boavista
06.25%50
Season Outliers
Expected
0 of 8
Minimal Outliers
00.88

Parity

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Gini Index
How evenly points were spread across the league. Lower means a tight, balanced table; higher means a few teams ran off with most of the points.
Balanced: under 0.12 * Even: 0.12 to 0.18 * Top-Heavy: 0.18 to 0.26 * Lopsided: 0.26 and up.
Noll-Scully
How much more spread out the table was than a league where every match is a coin flip. The gold line at 1 is that coin-flip baseline. Above it, real talent gaps stretched the table; below it, the league was tighter than luck alone would produce.
Coin-Flip Parity: under 1 * Moderate Separation: 1 to 1.6 * Strong Separation: 1.6 to 2.2 * Wide Separation: 2.2 and up.
Interquartile Edge
Chance the team at the 75th percentile of Elo would beat the team at the 25th percentile on a neutral field. Higher means a bigger gap between the upper and lower half of the table.
Even: under 60% * Slight Edge: 60% to 70% * Clear Edge: 70% to 80% * Wide Edge: 80% and up.
Best vs. Worst
Chance the top-rated team would beat the bottom-rated team on a neutral field. The gold line is how large that gap tends to be in a league of this size; a dot to the right flags an unusually dominant or unusually weak team.
Even: under 70% * Clear Edge: 70% to 82% * Strong Edge: 82% to 92% * Dominant: 92% and up.
Close Games
Share of matches decided by 1 goal or fewer, draws included. The gold line is how many close games the matchups and the scoring value of an Elo point predict.
Few: under 30% * Some Drama: 30% to 40% * Frequent: 40% to 50% * Very Frequent: 50% and up.
Blowouts
Share of matches decided by 3 goals or more. The gold line is how many routs the matchups and the scoring model predict.
Rare: under 8% * Occasional: 8% to 14% * Frequent: 14% to 22% * Very Frequent: 22% and up.
Gini Index
0.26
Top-Heavy
00.120.180.260.5
Noll-Scully
Coin-flip
1.83
Strong Separation
01.003
Interquartile Edge
93%
Wide Edge
50%60%70%80%100%
Best vs. Worst
Baseline 99%
97%
Dominant
50%100%
Close Games
Expected
39%
Some Drama
0%30%100%
Blowouts
Expected
39%
Very Frequent
0%51%100%

Predictability

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Brier Score
How close the pregame probabilities landed to the actual result, averaged over the season. Confident, correct calls are rewarded most; confident misses are punished most. Lower is better; since draws are possible, a score under 0.66 beats guessing the base rate.
Highly Predictable: under 0.56 * Predictable: 0.56 to 0.62 * Hard to Predict: 0.62 to 0.66 * Coin-Flip: 0.66 and up.
Matchup Imbalance
How lopsided the matchups were on paper, averaging the gap between the two win probabilities over their sum. 0 means every match was a toss-up; 1 means every match was a heavy favorite against a big underdog.
Very Even: under 0.1 * Slight Separation: 0.1 to 0.18 * Notable Separation: 0.18 to 0.28 * Lopsided: 0.28 and up.
Strangeness
How wild the final table was versus what the model expected. A value of 1 means teams landed about one standard deviation from their projections on average. Above 1 is a stranger season; below 1 hugged the projections.
Very Predictable: under 0.8 * As Expected: 0.8 to 1.1 * Wilder Than Modeled: 1.1 to 1.4 * Chaotic: 1.4 and up.
Repeatability
How closely the final table order matched the preseason Elo order, by Spearman rank correlation. Higher means last season's ratings strongly predicted this season's finish. Shows N/A for an inaugural season.
Weak Carryover: under 0.3 * Some Carryover: 0.3 to 0.6 * Strong Carryover: 0.6 to 0.85 * Near-Lock: 0.85 and up.
Upset Rate
Share of matches the underdog won. The gold line is how often the model expected underdogs to win; a dot to the right means upsets ran hotter than expected.
Chalky: under 25% * As Expected: 25% to 33% * Upset-Prone: 33% to 42% * Very Upset-Prone: 42% and up.
Clear Favorite Upset Rate
Share of matches the underdog won, counting only games with a clear favorite (at least 60% likely to win once a draw is set aside). The gold line is how often the model expected these favorites to slip.
Solid Favorites: under 15% * As Expected: 15% to 25% * Shaky Favorites: 25% to 35% * Very Shaky: 35% and up.
Brier Score
Expected
0.44
Highly Predictable
00.432
Matchup Imbalance
0.62
Lopsided
00.10.180.280.5
Strangeness
Expected
1.01
As Expected
01.002
Repeatability
0.74
Strong Carryover
00.30.60.851
Upset Rate
Expected
16%
Chalky
0%16%50%
Clear Favorite Upset Rate
Expected
16%
As Expected
0%14%50%

Calibration

How these are measured

The navy dot is the actual value, the gold line and key are the model's reference where one applies, and the slate ticks are the cutoffs between read labels listed under each metric.

Probability calibration
An all-in-one chi-square test of the model's probabilities. Matches are grouped by how confident the model was, and within each group the predicted and actual counts of home wins, draws, and away wins are compared. The p-value is plotted; above 0.05 means well-calibrated.
Miscalibrated: under 0.05 * Borderline: 0.05 to 0.1 * Well Calibrated: 0.1 to 0.5 * Excellent: 0.5 and up.
Calibration slope
Checks whether the spread of the probabilities is right. Each probability is turned into log-odds and a line is fit predicting the actual results. A slope of 1.00 is perfect; below 1 is overconfidence (favorites lost more than their odds implied); above 1 is under-confidence.
Overconfident: under 0.85 * Calibrated: 0.85 to 1.15 * Underconfident: 1.15 to 1.3 * Very Underconfident: 1.3 and up.
Calibration error (ECE)
The average gap between the model's stated chances and how often the predicted result actually happened. Smaller is better. The gold line is the noise ceiling, the error luck alone can produce even with perfect probabilities; below it, the model's error is no larger than chance.
Well Within Noise: under 0.18 * Near Noise Ceiling: 0.18 to 0.26 * Above Noise: 0.26 to 0.35 * Well Above Noise: 0.35 and up.
Probability calibration
0.46
Well Calibrated
0.010.050.10.51
Calibration slope
Ideal
0.83
Overconfident
0.51.001.5
Calibration error (ECE)
Noise ceiling
0.123
Well Within Noise
00.1770.4

Next-Season Status

Across 100,000 regular-season simulations, the probability of each team's next-season status. Columns appear in best-to-worst outcome order: promotion-positive on the left, relegation-positive on the right. Cells with darker shading indicate higher likelihood.

Team Same level
Academica de Coimbra 100%
Barreirense 100%
Benfica 100%
Boavista 100%
Os Belenenses (1st) 100%
Porto 100%
Sporting Clube de Portugal 100%
Unidos de Lisboa 100%

Overall Game Log

Summary of every completed game this season. Sort any column by clicking its header.

Date Opponent Score Pre Elo Opp Elo Win % Tie % Loss % Elo Δ Points
1940-12-29 Unidos de Lisboa D 2-2 1094 1286 38.3% 13.2% 48.4% +0.9 1
1940-12-29 @ Academica de Coimbra D 2-2 1286 1094 48.4% 13.2% 38.3% -0.9 1
1940-12-29 Barreirense W 5-0 1530 1173 83.4% 12.8% 3.8% +9.8 2
1940-12-29 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 0-5 1173 1530 3.8% 12.8% 83.4% -9.8 0
1940-12-29 Benfica D 1-1 1309 1368 56.6% 13.2% 30.2% -3.2 1
1940-12-29 @ Boavista D 1-1 1368 1309 30.2% 13.2% 56.6% +3.2 1
1940-12-29 Porto W 5-1 1579 1597 61.3% 13.2% 25.4% +41.4 2
1940-12-29 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 1-5 1597 1579 25.4% 13.2% 61.3% -41.4 0
1941-01-01 Boavista W 1-0 1163 1306 45.2% 13.2% 41.5% +21.5 2
1941-01-01 @ Barreirense L 0-1 1306 1163 41.5% 13.2% 45.2% -21.5 1
1941-01-01 Os Belenenses (1st) W 2-1 1371 1539 41.6% 13.2% 45.1% +21.8 3
1941-01-01 @ Benfica L 1-2 1539 1371 45.1% 13.2% 41.6% -21.8 2
1941-01-01 Academica de Coimbra W 6-2 1556 1095 85.3% 12.6% 2.1% +3.1 2
1941-01-01 @ Porto L 2-6 1095 1556 2.1% 12.6% 85.3% -3.1 1
1941-01-01 Sporting Clube de Portugal L 3-7 1285 1621 21.1% 13.1% 65.7% -27.1 1
1941-01-01 @ Unidos de Lisboa W 7-3 1621 1285 65.7% 13.1% 21.1% +27.0 4
1941-01-05 Sporting Clube de Portugal L 3-5 1092 1648 7.0% 12.8% 80.2% -5.6 1
1941-01-05 @ Academica de Coimbra W 5-3 1648 1092 80.2% 12.8% 7.0% +5.6 6
1941-01-05 Barreirense W 4-1 1393 1185 78.6% 13.1% 8.4% +11.3 5
1941-01-05 @ Benfica L 1-4 1185 1393 8.4% 13.1% 78.6% -11.3 2
1941-01-05 Os Belenenses (1st) D 2-2 1559 1518 67.3% 13.2% 19.4% -4.4 3
1941-01-05 @ Porto D 2-2 1518 1559 19.4% 13.2% 67.3% +4.4 3
1941-01-05 Boavista W 6-0 1258 1285 60.3% 13.2% 26.4% +75.4 3
1941-01-05 @ Unidos de Lisboa L 0-6 1285 1258 26.4% 13.2% 60.3% -75.4 1
1941-01-19 Porto L 0-2 1173 1555 17.1% 13.1% 69.8% -18.1 2
1941-01-19 @ Barreirense W 2-0 1555 1173 69.8% 13.1% 17.1% +18.1 5
1941-01-19 Unidos de Lisboa W 13-0 1522 1333 77.6% 13.1% 9.3% +59.2 5
1941-01-19 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 0-13 1333 1522 9.3% 13.1% 77.6% -59.2 3
1941-01-19 Academica de Coimbra W 2-1 1209 1086 73.8% 13.1% 13.0% +7.0 3
1941-01-19 @ Boavista L 1-2 1086 1209 13.0% 13.1% 73.8% -7.0 1
1941-01-19 Benfica L 1-2 1653 1404 80.3% 13.0% 6.8% -38.4 6
1941-01-19 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal W 2-1 1404 1653 6.8% 13.0% 80.3% +38.4 7
1941-01-26 Os Belenenses (1st) W 3-2 1079 1581 9.3% 12.9% 77.8% +35.2 3
1941-01-26 @ Academica de Coimbra L 2-3 1581 1079 77.8% 12.9% 9.3% -35.2 5
1941-01-26 Porto W 3-2 1443 1573 47.1% 13.3% 39.7% +18.5 9
1941-01-26 @ Benfica L 2-3 1573 1443 39.7% 13.3% 47.1% -18.5 5
1941-01-26 Sporting Clube de Portugal L 1-5 1216 1615 15.7% 13.1% 71.2% -26.4 3
1941-01-26 @ Boavista W 5-1 1615 1216 71.2% 13.1% 15.7% +26.4 8
1941-01-26 Barreirense L 2-3 1274 1155 73.5% 13.2% 13.3% -33.1 3
1941-01-26 @ Unidos de Lisboa W 3-2 1155 1274 13.3% 13.2% 73.5% +33.1 4
1941-02-02 Academica de Coimbra W 3-2 1188 1114 70.2% 13.2% 16.6% +8.4 6
1941-02-02 @ Barreirense L 2-3 1114 1188 16.6% 13.2% 70.2% -8.4 3
1941-02-02 Porto L 3-6 1190 1554 18.5% 13.1% 68.4% -19.2 3
1941-02-02 @ Boavista W 6-3 1554 1190 68.4% 13.1% 18.5% +19.2 7
1941-02-02 Os Belenenses (1st) W 3-1 1641 1546 71.9% 13.2% 15.0% +13.9 10
1941-02-02 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 1-3 1546 1641 15.0% 13.2% 71.9% -13.9 5
1941-02-02 Benfica L 2-6 1241 1461 34.5% 13.2% 52.3% -46.2 3
1941-02-02 @ Unidos de Lisboa W 6-2 1461 1241 52.3% 13.2% 34.5% +46.2 11
1941-02-09 Benfica D 2-2 1106 1507 15.5% 13.1% 71.5% +5.2 4
1941-02-09 @ Academica de Coimbra D 2-2 1507 1106 71.5% 13.1% 15.5% -5.2 12
1941-02-09 Boavista W 10-0 1532 1171 83.5% 12.8% 3.7% +18.4 7
1941-02-09 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 0-10 1171 1532 3.7% 12.8% 83.5% -18.4 3
1941-02-09 Unidos de Lisboa W 3-1 1573 1195 83.9% 12.8% 3.3% +3.2 9
1941-02-09 @ Porto L 1-3 1195 1573 3.3% 12.8% 83.9% -3.2 3
1941-02-09 Barreirense W 2-0 1655 1197 85.3% 12.6% 2.1% +2.4 12
1941-02-09 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 0-2 1197 1655 2.1% 12.6% 85.3% -2.4 6
1941-02-23 Os Belenenses (1st) L 1-5 1194 1551 19.2% 13.1% 67.7% -32.0 6
1941-02-23 @ Barreirense W 5-1 1551 1194 67.7% 13.1% 19.2% +32.0 9
1941-02-23 Boavista W 6-1 1502 1152 83.3% 12.8% 3.9% +8.4 14
1941-02-23 @ Benfica L 1-6 1152 1502 3.9% 12.8% 83.3% -8.4 3
1941-02-23 Sporting Clube de Portugal D 2-2 1577 1658 53.7% 13.3% 33.1% -1.8 10
1941-02-23 @ Porto D 2-2 1658 1577 33.1% 13.3% 53.7% +1.8 13
1941-02-23 Academica de Coimbra L 2-3 1191 1111 70.7% 13.2% 16.1% -31.8 3
1941-02-23 @ Unidos de Lisboa W 3-2 1111 1191 16.1% 13.2% 70.7% +31.8 6
1941-03-02 Porto D 3-3 1143 1575 13.3% 13.0% 73.7% +4.7 7
1941-03-02 @ Academica de Coimbra D 3-3 1575 1143 73.7% 13.0% 13.3% -4.7 11
1941-03-02 Benfica W 5-3 1583 1510 70.0% 13.2% 16.8% +13.1 11
1941-03-02 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 3-5 1510 1583 16.8% 13.2% 70.0% -13.1 14
1941-03-02 Barreirense L 0-2 1144 1162 61.3% 13.2% 25.5% -58.0 3
1941-03-02 @ Boavista W 2-0 1162 1144 25.5% 13.2% 61.3% +58.0 8
1941-03-02 Unidos de Lisboa W 4-2 1660 1160 85.8% 12.5% 1.7% +1.5 15
1941-03-02 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 2-4 1160 1660 1.7% 12.5% 85.8% -1.5 3
1941-03-09 Benfica W 1-0 1220 1497 27.4% 13.2% 59.4% +29.8 10
1941-03-09 @ Barreirense L 0-1 1497 1220 59.4% 13.2% 27.4% -29.8 14
1941-03-09 Porto L 2-3 1596 1570 65.9% 13.2% 20.9% -29.6 11
1941-03-09 @ Os Belenenses (1st) W 3-2 1570 1596 20.9% 13.2% 65.9% +29.6 13
1941-03-09 Unidos de Lisboa W 1-0 1086 1158 54.9% 13.3% 31.9% +17.0 5
1941-03-09 @ Boavista L 0-1 1158 1086 31.9% 13.3% 54.9% -17.0 3
1941-03-09 Academica de Coimbra W 7-1 1661 1147 86.0% 12.4% 1.6% +4.0 17
1941-03-09 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 1-7 1147 1661 1.6% 12.4% 86.0% -4.0 7
1941-03-23 Boavista W 6-0 1143 1103 67.3% 13.2% 19.5% +57.1 9
1941-03-23 @ Academica de Coimbra L 0-6 1103 1143 19.5% 13.2% 67.3% -57.0 5
1941-03-23 Sporting Clube de Portugal L 2-4 1468 1665 37.6% 13.2% 49.2% -28.8 14
1941-03-23 @ Benfica W 4-2 1665 1468 49.2% 13.2% 37.6% +28.8 19
1941-03-23 Barreirense W 5-1 1600 1250 83.3% 12.8% 3.9% +6.9 15
1941-03-23 @ Porto L 1-5 1250 1600 3.9% 12.8% 83.3% -6.9 10
1941-03-23 Os Belenenses (1st) L 2-3 1141 1566 13.8% 13.0% 73.2% -7.0 3
1941-03-23 @ Unidos de Lisboa W 3-2 1566 1141 73.2% 13.0% 13.8% +7.0 13
1941-03-30 Unidos de Lisboa L 2-4 1243 1134 72.9% 13.2% 14.0% -53.6 10
1941-03-30 @ Barreirense W 4-2 1134 1243 14.0% 13.2% 72.9% +53.6 5
1941-03-30 Academica de Coimbra W 2-0 1573 1201 83.8% 12.8% 3.4% +3.8 15
1941-03-30 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 0-2 1201 1573 3.4% 12.8% 83.8% -3.8 9
1941-03-30 Benfica W 5-2 1606 1439 76.5% 13.1% 10.4% +12.0 17
1941-03-30 @ Porto L 2-5 1439 1606 10.4% 13.1% 76.5% -12.0 14
1941-03-30 Boavista W 9-0 1694 1046 87.2% 12.1% 0.7% +3.3 21
1941-03-30 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal L 0-9 1046 1694 0.7% 12.1% 87.2% -3.3 5
1941-04-02 Barreirense W 4-2 1197 1190 64.0% 13.2% 22.8% +18.3 11
1941-04-02 @ Academica de Coimbra L 2-4 1190 1197 22.8% 13.2% 64.0% -18.3 10
1941-04-02 Sporting Clube de Portugal W 5-1 1577 1697 48.5% 13.3% 38.3% +59.7 17
1941-04-02 @ Os Belenenses (1st) L 1-5 1697 1577 38.3% 13.3% 48.5% -59.7 21
1941-04-02 Unidos de Lisboa W 3-2 1427 1188 79.9% 13.0% 7.1% +3.7 16
1941-04-02 @ Benfica L 2-3 1188 1427 7.1% 13.0% 79.9% -3.7 5
1941-04-03 Boavista W 7-1 1618 1043 86.6% 12.3% 1.1% +2.8 19
1941-04-03 @ Porto L 1-7 1043 1618 1.1% 12.3% 86.6% -2.8 5
1941-04-06 Sporting Clube de Portugal L 0-3 1171 1637 11.2% 13.0% 75.8% -17.6 10
1941-04-06 @ Barreirense W 3-0 1637 1171 75.8% 13.0% 11.2% +17.6 23
1941-04-06 Academica de Coimbra W 3-0 1431 1215 78.9% 13.0% 8.1% +12.9 18
1941-04-06 @ Benfica L 0-3 1215 1431 8.1% 13.0% 78.9% -12.9 11
1941-04-06 Os Belenenses (1st) L 2-3 1040 1637 5.6% 12.7% 81.7% -2.9 5
1941-04-06 @ Boavista W 3-2 1637 1040 81.7% 12.7% 5.6% +2.9 19
1941-04-06 Porto D 0-0 1184 1621 13.0% 13.0% 74.0% +8.6 6
1941-04-06 @ Unidos de Lisboa D 0-0 1621 1184 74.0% 13.0% 13.0% -8.6 20

Biggest Upsets

The 25 games where the underdog won despite the lowest pregame win probability. Underdog Win % is the winner's pregame chance of winning the game (lower = bigger upset). @ before a team name indicates the away side. An asterisk (*) after the date marks a playoff game.

# Date Underdog Win % Winning Team Losing Team
Team Elo Score Team Elo Score
1 1941-01-19 6.75% Benfica 1404 2 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal 1653 1
2 1941-01-26 9.27% @ Academica de Coimbra 1079 3 Os Belenenses (1st) 1581 2
3 1941-01-26 13.33% Barreirense 1155 3 @ Unidos de Lisboa 1274 2
4 1941-03-30 13.98% Unidos de Lisboa 1134 4 @ Barreirense 1243 2
5 1941-02-23 16.11% Academica de Coimbra 1111 3 @ Unidos de Lisboa 1191 2
6 1941-03-09 20.90% Porto 1570 3 @ Os Belenenses (1st) 1596 2
7 1941-03-02 25.48% Barreirense 1162 2 @ Boavista 1144 0
8 1941-03-09 27.42% @ Barreirense 1220 1 Benfica 1497 0
9 1941-01-01 41.62% @ Benfica 1371 2 Os Belenenses (1st) 1539 1

Biggest Elo Changes

The 25 games that resulted in the largest shift in Elo rating.

# Date Elo Δ Winning Team Losing Team Tie %
Team Score Elo Win % Team Score Elo Win %
1 1941-01-05 75.39 @ Unidos de Lisboa 6 1258 60.31% Boavista 0 1285 26.44% 13.25%
2 1941-04-02 59.71 @ Os Belenenses (1st) 5 1577 48.46% Sporting Clube de Portugal 1 1697 38.28% 13.26%
3 1941-01-19 59.24 @ Os Belenenses (1st) 13 1522 77.63% Unidos de Lisboa 0 1333 9.30% 13.07%
4 1941-03-02 57.98 Barreirense 2 1162 25.48% @ Boavista 0 1144 61.28% 13.24%
5 1941-03-23 57.06 @ Academica de Coimbra 6 1143 67.27% Boavista 0 1103 19.52% 13.21%
6 1941-03-30 53.60 Unidos de Lisboa 4 1134 13.98% @ Barreirense 2 1243 72.86% 13.16%
7 1941-02-02 46.20 Benfica 6 1461 52.28% @ Unidos de Lisboa 2 1241 34.49% 13.23%
8 1940-12-29 41.41 @ Sporting Clube de Portugal 5 1579 61.34% Porto 1 1597 25.42% 13.24%
9 1941-01-19 38.39 Benfica 2 1404 6.75% @ Sporting Clube de Portugal 1 1653 80.27% 12.99%
10 1941-01-26 35.16 @ Academica de Coimbra 3 1079 9.27% Os Belenenses (1st) 2 1581 77.82% 12.91%
11 1941-01-26 33.14 Barreirense 3 1155 13.33% @ Unidos de Lisboa 2 1274 73.52% 13.15%
12 1941-02-23 31.97 Os Belenenses (1st) 5 1551 67.66% @ Barreirense 1 1194 19.22% 13.12%
13 1941-02-23 31.81 Academica de Coimbra 3 1111 16.11% @ Unidos de Lisboa 2 1191 70.71% 13.18%
14 1941-03-09 29.80 @ Barreirense 1 1220 27.42% Benfica 0 1497 59.39% 13.19%
15 1941-03-09 29.57 Porto 3 1570 20.90% @ Os Belenenses (1st) 2 1596 65.88% 13.22%
16 1941-03-23 28.76 Sporting Clube de Portugal 4 1665 49.21% @ Benfica 2 1468 37.56% 13.24%
17 1941-01-01 27.05 Sporting Clube de Portugal 7 1621 65.72% @ Unidos de Lisboa 3 1285 21.14% 13.14%
18 1941-01-26 26.44 Sporting Clube de Portugal 5 1615 71.24% @ Boavista 1 1216 15.70% 13.07%
19 1941-01-01 21.80 @ Benfica 2 1371 41.62% Os Belenenses (1st) 1 1539 45.13% 13.25%
20 1941-01-01 21.51 @ Barreirense 1 1163 45.22% Boavista 0 1306 41.53% 13.25%
21 1941-02-02 19.18 Porto 6 1554 68.37% @ Boavista 3 1190 18.52% 13.11%
22 1941-01-26 18.49 @ Benfica 3 1443 47.07% Porto 2 1573 39.67% 13.26%
23 1941-02-09 18.43 @ Os Belenenses (1st) 10 1532 83.55% Boavista 0 1171 3.66% 12.79%
24 1941-04-02 18.34 @ Academica de Coimbra 4 1197 64.01% Barreirense 2 1190 22.76% 13.23%
25 1941-01-19 18.10 Porto 2 1555 69.84% @ Barreirense 0 1173 17.07% 13.09%